Look at the sky , and you will notice that the Sun rises from the east and sets from the west , The sunrise and the sunset do not occur due to the rotation of the Sun , but it occurs due to the rotation of the Earth around itself ( its axis ) .
This phenomenon is called the apparent movement of the Sun , where it takes different apparent orbit from the east to the west , The movement of the shadow of the fixed bodies is due to the apparent movement of the Sun .
The rotation of the Earth
The Earth is one of the planets , where we can live because it contains the air , the food and the water , The Earth consists of two hemispheres ( northern hemisphere and southern hemisphere ) , The Earth rotates around itself and rotates around the Sun .
The Earth’s rotation around itself
The Earth rotates around its inclined axis ( itself ) once every 24 hours ( one day ) , and the side ( hemisphere ) of the Earth that faces the Sun during this rotation becomes bright or day , While its other side becomes dark or night , The rotation of the Earth around its axis causes the sequence of the day and the night .
The Earth’s rotation around the Sun
The Earth revolves around the Sun once every 365 and quarter days ( one year ) , The rotation of the Earth around the Sun causes the sequence of the four seasons ( the summer – the spring – the autumn – the winter ) .
The Earth’s axis is inclined and this causes the difference in the length of the day and the night , You notice that the day is longer than the night in the summer season .
You notice that the night is longer than the day , in the winter season and the hours of the day equals the hours of the night , In the spring or the autumn .
The day in the summer season is longer than the day in the winter season , Because the apparent orbit of the Sun ( the rotation of the Earth around its axis ) during the summer is longer than during the winter .
Source: http://www.online-sciences.com/earth-and-motion/the-movement-of-the-sun-and-the-earth/